by Alice Ibarra in Food

Ask a Canadian about their national cuisine, and you might get a blank stare followed by mentions of poutine and maple syrup. But Canada's culinary landscape is far more diverse than that. Spanning 3.8 million square miles, the country boasts a wide range of ingredients and culinary traditions shaped by its multicultural population. Indigenous communities are increasingly showcasing their traditional flavors in innovative ways, while immigrant communities have enriched Canadian food with influences from around the world, including British, French, Jewish, Ukrainian, Chinese, Portuguese, South Asian, and more. While there's no single dish that perfectly encapsulates "Canada on a plate," poutine, with its Montreal variations incorporating diverse gastronomic cultures, stands as a strong icon. This article explores a variety of iconic Canadian foods, including: Poutine: French fries, cheese curds, and gravy, with countless regional variations. BeaverTails: Deep-fried pastries topped with sweet ingredients. Nanaimo bars: No-bake dessert with three layers: a graham cracker crust, custard filling, and chocolate ganache. Tourtière: A savory meat pie, a Quebec staple. Saskatoon berry pie: A sweet pie made with Saskatoon berries, a fruit with a nutty blueberry flavor, significant in Indigenous culture. Bannock: A traditional quick bread, often associated with Canada's First Nations communities. Lobster rolls: Juicy lobster meat served on a bun, a delicacy from Atlantic Canada. Split pea soup: A hearty soup, a long-standing favorite in Quebec. Butter tarts: Small, sweet tarts with a buttery, syrupy filling. BC salmon: Wild Pacific salmon from British Columbia, including the popular B.C. roll. Ketchup chips: Uniquely Canadian, tangy, bright red potato chips. Fish and brewis: A traditional Newfoundland dish of salted cod and hard bread. Pouding Chômeur (Poor Man's Pudding): A decadent Quebecois dessert. Halifax donairs: Spiced ground beef on pita with a unique donair sauce. PEI oysters: Renowned oysters from Prince Edward Island. Pierogies: Popular in Western Canada, particularly among Ukrainian and Polish descendants. Bison burger: A leaner, richer alternative to beef burgers. Montreal smoked meat: Beef brisket cured, smoked, and spiced, a staple of Montreal's Jewish delis. Montreal bagels: Boiled in honey water and baked in a wood-fired oven, distinct from New York bagels. Maple syrup: Canada's iconic sweetener, used in countless dishes and treats.