by Amir Izad in Economics

Donald Trump's announcement of widespread new tariffs on US trading partners has created turmoil in global markets and raised concerns about a potential global trade war and US recession. His plan, hinted at during his election campaign, was even more extensive than anticipated: a 10% tariff on all imports, with higher rates for key partners like China and the EU. Although the tariffs won't take effect immediately, global markets reacted strongly to the announcement. Trump's tariffs are two-pronged. A 10% tariff will apply to all imported goods starting April 5th. Then, on April 9th, select countries will face higher tariffs, described by Trump as "reciprocal tariffs" in response to tariffs imposed on American exports. It's important to note that these tariffs are paid by American companies importing goods. Some of the highest tariffs target Asian countries (China, India, South Korea, Japan), while EU exports face a 20% tariff. The White House's calculation of "reciprocal tariffs" is based on the US trade deficit with each country, expressed as a percentage. They halved this percentage to determine the new US levy. Canada and Mexico are excluded due to existing trade agreements. Trump and his advisors maintain that these tariffs will strengthen US manufacturing and reduce barriers faced by American goods. However, economists argue that the tariffs' aggressiveness and uncertainty could hinder domestic investment, leading companies to pass the costs onto consumers. Wall Street reacted negatively, with markets plummeting following the announcement. The slump follows a month of similar tariff announcements. Global stock markets also fell sharply. World leaders expressed alarm, with Ursula von der Leyen calling the tariffs a "major blow" to the global economy. The US dollar also weakened against other major currencies, reflecting investor concerns about US economic instability.